Add items to crontab
Background
Skills required
You must be able to connect to your QNAP device using SSH and edit using a text editor such as vi or nano.
crontab
The crontab can be used to execute tasks (scripts) based on a recurring schedule; by default the crontab is used, for example, to restart the webserver during the night.
To view the content of the crontab, login to your qnap using ssh and type:
crontab -l
You will see a (small) list of crontab entries.
Do NOT edit the crontab in the usual way Normally you can edit a user's crontab with
crontab -e
However, due to the way the QNAP firmware updates crontab, it will be overwritten on the next reboot. Obviously you want your automation to survive reboots, so read the section below on how to modify and persist changes to cron on QNAP
Stock crontab jobs
When using crontab -l on a default QNAP, QNAPs has some default crontab jobs.
Usually you will want to know, what default jobs are running on the QNAP based on schedule.
The following table is meant to bring some light into those built-in jobs.The list is by no means complete, jobs may depend on the firmware version, start times may vary. If you find a job on your QNAP, that is missing in the table, add it. The list could help to identify unwanted jobs on the QNAP that regularly wake up your harddisk(s).
| Default Time |
Job |
Explanation |
|---|---|---|
| 0 4 * * * | /sbin/hwclock -s | http://linux.die.net/man/8/hwclock |
| 0 3 * * * | /sbin/vs_refresh | vs_refresh is for share folder space usage calculation (for Network Share Management) |
| 0 3 * * 0 | /etc/init.d/idmap.sh dump | related to SAMBA Active Directory configuration. Used if security is set to ADS. |
| 0 3 * * * | /sbin/clean_reset_pwd | (unclear) might be the new behaviour of the network recycle bin (purging files after a certain amount of days) |
| 0-59/15 * * * * | /etc/init.d/nss2_dusg.sh | is a job of the Surveillance Station |
| 10 15 * * * | /usr/bin/power_clean -c 2>/dev/null | ? |
| 4 3 * * 3 | /etc/init.d/backup_conf.sh | does an automatic backup of several config files in /etc/config. |
| 0 3 * * * |
/bin/rm -rf /mnt/HDA_ROOT/twonkymedia/twonkymedia.db/cache/* |
Will clear the Twonky media cache |
| 5 0 * * 1 |
/etc/init.d/antivirus.sh scan 1 |
If Antivirus is enabled, this will scan the files for viruses |
| 0 0 * * * |
/etc/init.d/antivirus.sh archive_log |
If Antivirus report jobs are enabled |
| 0 0 */1 * * |
/etc/init.d/antivirus.sh update_db |
If Antivirus is enabled, this will check clamav.net for updates |
| /etc/init.d/startup |
If a restart/powerof job is configured in power management | |
| /etc/init.d/poweroff |
If a restart/powerof job is configured in power management |
Adding/Changing cron entries
Edit /etc/config/crontab directly, then tell the cron service to reload the crontab. These changes will persist past a reboot. Like any changes to cron, you should test your script thoroughly before adding it.
Here is an example which assumes you are ssh'd into your nas (as admin).
echo "1 4 * * * /share/custom/scripts/custom1.sh" >> /etc/config/crontab echo "40 5 * * * /share/custom/scripts/custom2.sh" >> /etc/config/crontab
Then reload crontab and restart cron daemon:
crontab /etc/config/crontab /etc/init.d/crond.sh restart
PS. Don't forget to make your scripts executable! Otherwise they will silently fail! You tested your script, right?
chmod +x filename.sh
Tested on 3.6.0 : works fine. Tested on 4.2.1 Freephile (talk) 01:21, 28 July 2016 (CST)